Author Guidelines

1. Submission of texts

Submissions may be sent by email as attached files to helalemunala@gmail.com. The text of the message should be “L&L:...”. Authors may also register in the portal of the Catalan Scholarly Journals Library (Hemeroteca Científica Catalana) and directly submit their work there by using the “Submission” (“Trameses”) option on the OJS menu. In either case authors are recommended to use the writing template for originals found on the journal’s website.

1.1. Letter of introduction

Submission of the text should include a letter of introduction in which the author requests that his or her work be reviewed for possible publication.
The letter should contain the following:

• Title of the text
• Name of the author(s) with their corresponding institutional affiliation.
• Name of each author with his or her corresponding institutional postal address, telephone, fax and email.
• Declaration on the submitted text’s suitability for the journal and description of what the text contributes to the field.
• Acknowledgement of a project or institution that has provided support for the article (optional).

When they send the article, authors who registered on the OJS platform may send in any comments they deem appropriate on the journal page in the box labelled “Comments for the editor” (“Comentaris per a l’editor”).

Submission of an original entails a series of commitments with the journal. Authors registered on the OJS platform may make the statements below on the journal page by filling in the boxes in the “Submission checklist” (“Llista de control de la tramesa”) section.

1.2. Originality of the material

In order for the text to be reviewed and, if applicable, published, authors must certify that the content of the article is original, that it has been neither disseminated nor published previously, and that it has only been sent to the journal L&L.

1.3. Authorship

The submitters must declare that all the authors have read and approved the text. Each of the individuals who appear as authors must have made a significant contribution to the design and development of the article and must take responsibility for the contents, meaning that they agree with the definitive version of the text. Thus, generally speaking, in order to appear as an author, one must fulfil the following requirements: have contributed substantially to the conception and design of the article, to the acquisition of the data or to the analysis and subsequent interpretation; have written the draft of the article or have revised the intellectual content critically; and have approved the version ultimately submitted.

1.4. Introducing changes

The author agrees to introduce changes in the content of the article after the review and any changes in the style of the text made by the L&L Editorial Board, if necessary.

2. Sections of L&L

L&L contains original articles, collective reviews, individual reviews and reports on different events in the field of philology.

3. Presentation and organisation of submissions

3.1. Text citations

• They should always appear in roman letters and brief citations, which are the only ones that can go inside the text, should appear between guillemets (« »), regardless of whether they are in Catalan or another language.
• Quotations marks should go at both the beginning and the end of the citation. If the citation is several paragraphs long, each new paragraph should open with quotation marks.
• When text citations are long, they should be indented and a font size of 11 should be used.
• The quotation marks to be used within citations (another citation inside a citation, or the title of an article) should be double inverted commas (“”), and if there is a further need for them within the double inverted commas, single inverted commas should be used (‘’).

3.2. Dedications and references to prizes

These should appear in a note on the first page (the title should refer to the note using an asterisk (*)).

3.3. Papers

Papers should generally be between 15 and 20 pages long (that is, at most 42,000 spaces, excluding the title, abstract, keywords, tables, figures and bibliography). Only exceptionally will the Editorial Board deem that there are sufficient reasons related to the text’s scholarly interest to surpass the 20-page limit. A well-organised abstract no longer than 250 words must be included in both Catalan and English, along with 3-6 keywords after the abstract.

The texts must contain the following information:

• Title (maximum 80 characters) in Catalan and English. It should be clear, concise and informative.
• An abbreviated version of the title which will serve as the header in the pages of the article (maximum 50 characters).
• Full name of the author(s) at the beginning and end of the article. In order to make it easier to include the articles in the databases, we recommend that articles be submitted with the authors’ given name and main surname, or, if applicable, two surnames joined by a hyphen. We also recommend that exactly the same version of the name that appears in other articles that have been indexed be used. (See the proposed help handbook for Spanish researchers on how to standardise author and institutional names in scholarly publications, which can be found in the section “Contents of interest” (“Contenidos de interés”) on the website http://ec3.ugr.es/.)
• The institutional address (university or centre where the study was conducted, department or unit, city and country) and the email address of the author(s). This does not appear in reviews.
• Complete postal address (including telephone, fax and email) of the corresponding author, if there is more than one author.
• Abstract of no more than 250 words in Catalan and English. The abstract is a crucial part of the article because it enables readers to get basic information on the study in the bibliographic indexes.
• List of keywords in Catalan and English, 6 at most. The keywords should be internationally accepted terms in the field of philology (terms from either specific or general thesauruses drawn up by international organisations such as UNESCO may be used). Phrases made up of two or more words will also be considered keywords.
• The text must have the following formal structure: body of the article, bibliographic references, abstract, keywords. See the writing template for originals on the journal website (http://revistes.iec.cat/index.php/LliL).

3.4. Reviews

The maximum length of reviews should be 10,500 spaces, that is, between 2 and 5 pages. Reviews with a bibliography must follow the same criteria as bibliographies in studies (see section 3.6). For an illustration of the formal details, see the template for originals on the journal website.

3.4.1. Individual reviews

• Individual reviews have no title except the title of the publication being reviewed.
• The heading, which should be in hanging indentation, should follow this order:
  • Surname of the author in small caps followed by a comma and the author’s given name in roman letters followed by a colon.
  • Title of the publication in italics, followed by a comma.
  • City: publisher, year (separated by a colon and a comma).
  • The collection, if applicable, after a semicolon, between guillemets (« »), just after the year and next to the number.
• The number of pages in the book does not need to be listed.
• The name of the person writing the review should appear in small caps justified to the right.
• The institutional address (university or centre, department or unit, city and country) and the email address of the author(s).
• Complete postal address (including telephone, fax and email) of the corresponding author, if there is more than one author.

3.4.2. Collective reviews

• Collective reviews contain miscellaneous volumes or refer to several different publications. When they review several different publications, this should appear in the title (in bold italics).
• The name of the person writing the review should appear in right-justified small caps.
• Author’s institutional address (university or centre, department or unit, city) and email address.
• Complete postal address (including telephone, fax and email) of the corresponding author, if there is more than one author.
• The list of books reviewed should be numbered and should follow this order:
  • Surname of the author in small caps and the year of publication in parentheses, followed by a colon and the given name and surname of the author.
  • Title of the work in italics, followed by a comma.
  • City: publisher (separated by a colon and a comma).
  • The collection, if applicable, after a semicolon, between guillemets (« »), just after the year and next to the number.
• The number of pages in the book does not need to be listed.

3.5. Reports

The maximum length of reports is 10,500 spaces or 5 pages. Regarding the format, please see the template.

3.6. Bibliographic citations

Author-data system. References should go in parentheses inside the text throughout the text, while at the end the bibliography should be systematically listed.

3.6.1. Citations

The author’s surname should be written in small caps. If there are two authors, they should be separated by the conjunction and. When there are three or more authors, the first author must be listed, followed by et al. in italics.
After the author(s) comes the year of publication followed by a colon. If there are references by the same author(s) with the same year of publication, after the year a lower-case letter in italics must be added to distinguish them. After the year of publication comes the page number(s) (with a hyphen if the citation is on more than one page).
Bibliographic references within the text must be identical to the references in the bibliography at the end of the text and they must be linked via hypertext.

3.6.2. The bibliography

• No reference that is not cited in the article should be included.
• The items should be listed in alphabetic order using hanging indentation.
• The surname of the author should be in small caps.
• The year of publication should be in parentheses followed by a colon.
• The author’s full name should be in roman letters.
• Book titles should be in italics, while the titles of book chapters should be in guillemets.
• When the reference is an article in a book, after the comma write in, state the author’s full name (if it is different to the author of the article), then a colon and the title.
• After the title comes a comma, the city where it was published, the publisher, a comma and the page(s) for articles (preceded by the abbreviation p. or pp.).
• If the reference to the collection is included, it should be placed at the end between guillemets (separated from the previous information by a semi-colon) and with the number of the collection in Arabic numerals after the abbreviation no.:
  • Surname (year): full name, Title of Book: Subtitle of Book, Edition number (if not the first), Place of publication: Publisher; «Collection» no.
  • Surname (year): full name, «Chapter title», in: surname, given name, Title of Book: Subtitle of Book, Edition number (if not the first), Place of publication: Publisher, pp. 0000-0000.
• The titles of journals, newspapers and periodicals should be in italics.
• The journal issue should be written in Arabic numerals after the journal title.
  • Revista de Catalunya, no. 15
  • Estudis Romànics, no. 22 
• The month and year of a journal should go in parentheses after the issue number.
  • no. 15 (September 1993), pp. 17-19.
• In a date, the day, month and year should be in Arabic numerals.
  • La Publicitat (7-7-1929), p. 5.
• The volume number should be placed after the title in upper-case Arabic numerals.
  • Diccionari català-valencià-balear, 6
  • Surname (year): full name, «Article», Journal title, vol. X, no. X (month), pp. 0000-0000.
• Should the book or book chapter be found online, the reference must be cited as follows:
  • Surname (year): full name, Title of Book: Subtitle of Book, Edition number [online], edition number (if not the first), Place of publication: Publisher. <URL>. [Retrieved: date retrieved].
  • Surname (year): full name, «Chapter title», in: Title of Book: Subtitle of Book [online], edition number (if not the first), Place of publication: Publisher. <URL>. [Retrieved: date retrieved].
• Should the reference be a book or book chapter published both on paper and online, the reference should appear for the printed version, and at the end the following should be added: Also available online at: followed by the location and date retrieved: <URL>. [Retrieved: date retrieved].
• Should the reference be an article in an online journal, it should appear as follows:
  • Surname (year): full name, «Article title», Journal title [online], vol. X, no. X (month), pp. 0000-0000. <URL> [Retrieved: date retrieved].
• Should the reference be an article from a journal published both on paper and online, the reference should appear for the printed version, and at the end the following should be added: “Also available online at:” followed by the location and date retrieved: <URL>. [Retrieved: date retrieved].

3.7. Tables and figures

3.7.1. Tables

At the end of the paper, after the bibliography, a sheet must be attached that includes:

• The numbering of the tables according to the order in which they appear in the text, also in Arabic numerals, but not sequential with the numbers of the figures;
• The title of each table.

Tables should be clear and require no corrections. The acronyms and abbreviations in them must always be accompanied by a footnote giving the full names. If symbols are needed, lower-case letters should be used in superscript in alphabetical order.

3.7.2. Figures

Photographs, graphics containing data and schemas are considered figures. Each figure must come in a separate file, preferably in JPG or TIFF format.
After duly informing the authors, the journal’s Editorial Board reserves the right to reject figures that are not high enough quality to ensure clear reproduction. The graphs and schemes should be designed bearing in that the format should be 9 x 12 cm or a multiple thereof. Authors should bear the same rules in mind for photographs. Photographs, schemes and graphics should be numbered correlatively and jointly with figures. The figure captions should be included on a separate page at the end of the paper, after the bibliography or tables, if there are any, with Arabic numbering that corresponds to the figure. When symbols, arrows, numbers or letters are used to identify one or more parts of the figures, they must be identified and their meaning clearly explained in the caption. If any photographs are reproduced, the authors must have secured informed written consent that authorises them to publish, reproduce and divulge them in L&L. The authors are also responsible for securing any permits needed to reproduce in L&L any materials (texts, tables or figures) that have been published previously. These permits must be requested from both the author and the publisher of these materials.

3.8. Abbreviations and symbols

Only standard and universally-accepted abbreviations and symbols should be used (check the list of abbreviations accepted by the IEC <http://dlc.iec.cat/abreviaturesA.html>). If authors wish to shorten a term used frequently in the text, the first time the term appears its abbreviation should be placed in parentheses.
 
4. Publishing process

4.1. Receipt of articles

The Editorial Board notifies authors of its receipt of the articles that have arrived and later informs them as to whether or not they have been accepted for publication with a justification of the reason. Receipt of an article does not necessarily mean acceptance.

4.2. Internal review

The Editorial Board considers the text for publication after an initial editorial review which consists of checking: a) the fit between the topic and interest of the article with the editorial criteria of L&L; b) fulfilment of the formal submission requirements stipulated in the publication rules contained in the document entitled “Instructions for authors” and on this website.

4.3. External review

Once the article has been deemed appropriate for publication, it will be confidentially and anonymously sent for review to two or more expert reviewers from outside the Editorial Board. Texts which are only deemed acceptable with changes shall be sent back to the authors to be corrected; they must be returned to the journal in at most one month, regardless of whether the corrections are minor or major.

4.4. Criteria for choosing reviewers

The Editorial Board is in charge of choosing reviewers for the journal and takes into account their academic and scholarly qualifications as well as their professional experience, including both local and international experts.

4.5. Publishing policy criteria

The Editorial Board reserves the right to accept or reject articles based on the external reports, as well as to introduce stylistic changes or cut back the texts that are long than the allowed length, with a commitment to respect the original content. The factors which the editors of the journal will use to determine whether or not to accept texts are: 1) originality: a totally original text, valuable contributions; b) novelty and being up-to-the-minute; c) relevancy; d) significance for the advancement of knowledge; e) reliability and scholarly validity: proven methodological quality, appropriateness of the bibliography; and f) presentation: good writing, good organisation (logical coherence and physical presentation).