Choral singing in the 19th and 20th Centuries Authors Xosé Aviñoa Pérez Abstract Since Josep Anselm Clavé created choral singing in Catalonia in 1850, it has become one element of identification of Catalan culture. When the Orfeó Català was set up in 1891 it generated an associative movement that was fundamental to the cultural life of the country thanks to the creation of the Germanor dels Orfeons de Catalunya (Brotherhood of Catalan Choral Societies), 1917. The Spanish Civil War put a temporary brake on this huge undertaking, but there was a recovery during the first decades of Francos regime, when it became not just a musical activity, but also an excuse to give a cultural cohesion to the country through the creation of federative bodies, encouraging gatherings and activities. As well as Clavé, there were other people of note, such as Lluís Millet, Joan Balcells, Antoni Pérez Moya, Enric Ribó, Oriol Martorell, Manuel Cabero, Pep Prats, Jordi Casas, Pep Vila or Pere Artís in the field of the study and spreading of the movement. Downloads Text complet Published 2009-12-21 Issue No. 2 (2009): Catalan Historical Review Section Contents License Submission of a manuscript to Catalan Historical Review implies: that the work described has not been published before, including publication on the World Wide Web (except in the form of an Abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, or thesis); that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that all coauthors have agreed to its publication. The corresponding author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material and will act on behalf of any and all co-authors regarding the editorial review and publication processes.If an article is accepted for publication in Catalan Historical Review, the authors (or other copyright holder) must transfer to the journal the copyright, which covers the right —not exclusive— to reproduce and distribute the article including reprints, translations, photographic reproductions microform, electronic form (offline, online) or any other reproductions of similar nature. Nevertheless, all articles in Catalan Historical Review will be available on the internet to any reader at no cost. The journal allows users to freely download, copy, print, distribute, search, and link to the full text of any article, provided the authorship and source of the published article is cited. The copyright owner’s consent does not include copying for new works, or resale.In these cases, the specific written permission of Catalan Historical Review must first be obtained.Authors are requested to create a link to the published article on the journal’s website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: ‘‘The original publication is available on LINK at http://revistes.iec.cat/chr/. Please use the appropriate URL for the article in LINK. Articles disseminated via LINK are indexed, abstracted, and referenced by many abstracting and information services, bibliographic networks, subscription agencies, library networks, and consortia. ISSN: 2013-4088 (electronic edition); 2013-407X (print edition)