The defeat of the military uprising on 19 July 1936 in Barcelona and Valencia unleashed the process of the collectivisation of companies, which came to be managed by committees comprised of their own workers. The anarcho-syndicalists were identified with this change, which the overwhelmed Republican authorities tried to channel. In the region studied, collectivisation was more important in

industry than in agriculture. The critical anti-fascist testimonials of the phenomenon allow us to temper the versions of the propagandists, who blamed all the flaws in the process on its adversaries. Decentralised worker management lost ground after the test of strength in Barcelona in May 1937.